About SHA-512
SHA-512 produces a 512-bit digest and is often faster than SHA-256 on 64-bit hardware because it processes bigger words. Use it when you want the widest SHA-2 security margin.
Digests here are computed with the browser's WebCrypto API (MD5 runs locally in JavaScript, since WebCrypto dropped it). A hash is one-way: the same input always produces the same 512-bit digest, but the digest can't be reversed back into the input. Text you enter never leaves the page.